Gloas payload cache (#9209)

In Gloas, beacon blocks are imported into fork choice immediately - the payload envelope and data columns arrive
separately. KZG commitments moved from the column sidecar into the execution payload bid, so the existing
`DataAvailabilityChecker` (which assumes block and data are coupled) can't be used for Gloas.


  * Introduced `PendingPayloadCache` to keep track of payload and data columns per block root.
* Added gossip column verification
* Added support for Gloas data column reconstruction
* Payload envelope verification simplified: removed `MaybeAvailableEnvelope`, `ExecutedEnvelope`, `EnvelopeImportData`

Not yet implemented (tracked with TODOs):
- Proper lookup sync for Gloas columns arriving before blocks
- Partial column merging for Gloas
- Moving `load_gloas_payload_bid` disk reads off the async runtime
- Backfill/range sync for Gloas

Based on @eserilev's PR and work in progress. See also #9202 for verification.


Co-Authored-By: Eitan Seri-Levi <eserilev@ucsc.edu>

Co-Authored-By: Eitan Seri- Levi <eserilev@gmail.com>

Co-Authored-By: Daniel Knopik <daniel@dknopik.de>

Co-Authored-By: Daniel Knopik <107140945+dknopik@users.noreply.github.com>

Co-Authored-By: dapplion <35266934+dapplion@users.noreply.github.com>

Co-Authored-By: Jimmy Chen <jchen.tc@gmail.com>

beacon_node/beacon_chain/benches/benches.rs

@@ -53,6 +53,13 @@ fn all_benches(c: &mut Criterion) {
         )
         .unwrap();
 
+        let kzg_commitments = signed_block
+            .message()
+            .body()
+            .blob_kzg_commitments()
+            .unwrap()
+            .clone();
+
         let spec = spec.clone();
 
         c.bench_function(&format!("reconstruct_{}", blob_count), |b| {
@@ -60,6 +67,7 @@ fn all_benches(c: &mut Criterion) {
                 black_box(reconstruct_data_columns(
                     &kzg,
                     column_sidecars.iter().as_slice()[0..column_sidecars.len() / 2].to_vec(),
+                    &kzg_commitments,
                     spec.as_ref(),
                 ))
             })