Gloas payload cache (#9209)

In Gloas, beacon blocks are imported into fork choice immediately - the payload envelope and data columns arrive
separately. KZG commitments moved from the column sidecar into the execution payload bid, so the existing
`DataAvailabilityChecker` (which assumes block and data are coupled) can't be used for Gloas.


  * Introduced `PendingPayloadCache` to keep track of payload and data columns per block root.
* Added gossip column verification
* Added support for Gloas data column reconstruction
* Payload envelope verification simplified: removed `MaybeAvailableEnvelope`, `ExecutedEnvelope`, `EnvelopeImportData`

Not yet implemented (tracked with TODOs):
- Proper lookup sync for Gloas columns arriving before blocks
- Partial column merging for Gloas
- Moving `load_gloas_payload_bid` disk reads off the async runtime
- Backfill/range sync for Gloas

Based on @eserilev's PR and work in progress. See also #9202 for verification.


Co-Authored-By: Eitan Seri-Levi <eserilev@ucsc.edu>

Co-Authored-By: Eitan Seri- Levi <eserilev@gmail.com>

Co-Authored-By: Daniel Knopik <daniel@dknopik.de>

Co-Authored-By: Daniel Knopik <107140945+dknopik@users.noreply.github.com>

Co-Authored-By: dapplion <35266934+dapplion@users.noreply.github.com>

Co-Authored-By: Jimmy Chen <jchen.tc@gmail.com>

beacon_node/network/src/metrics.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use beacon_chain::{
-    AvailabilityProcessingStatus, BlockError, attestation_verification::Error as AttnError,
+    AvailabilityProcessingStatus, attestation_verification::Error as AttnError,
     light_client_finality_update_verification::Error as LightClientFinalityUpdateError,
     light_client_optimistic_update_verification::Error as LightClientOptimisticUpdateError,
     sync_committee_verification::Error as SyncCommitteeError,
@@ -733,7 +733,7 @@ pub fn register_sync_committee_error(error: &SyncCommitteeError) {
 }
 
 pub(crate) fn register_process_result_metrics(
-    result: &std::result::Result<AvailabilityProcessingStatus, BlockError>,
+    result: &std::result::Result<AvailabilityProcessingStatus, impl AsRef<str>>,
     source: BlockSource,
     block_component: &'static str,
 ) {