Gloas payload cache (#9209)

In Gloas, beacon blocks are imported into fork choice immediately - the payload envelope and data columns arrive
separately. KZG commitments moved from the column sidecar into the execution payload bid, so the existing
`DataAvailabilityChecker` (which assumes block and data are coupled) can't be used for Gloas.


  * Introduced `PendingPayloadCache` to keep track of payload and data columns per block root.
* Added gossip column verification
* Added support for Gloas data column reconstruction
* Payload envelope verification simplified: removed `MaybeAvailableEnvelope`, `ExecutedEnvelope`, `EnvelopeImportData`

Not yet implemented (tracked with TODOs):
- Proper lookup sync for Gloas columns arriving before blocks
- Partial column merging for Gloas
- Moving `load_gloas_payload_bid` disk reads off the async runtime
- Backfill/range sync for Gloas

Based on @eserilev's PR and work in progress. See also #9202 for verification.


Co-Authored-By: Eitan Seri-Levi <eserilev@ucsc.edu>

Co-Authored-By: Eitan Seri- Levi <eserilev@gmail.com>

Co-Authored-By: Daniel Knopik <daniel@dknopik.de>

Co-Authored-By: Daniel Knopik <107140945+dknopik@users.noreply.github.com>

Co-Authored-By: dapplion <35266934+dapplion@users.noreply.github.com>

Co-Authored-By: Jimmy Chen <jchen.tc@gmail.com>

beacon_node/network/src/sync/block_sidecar_coupling.rs

@@ -548,13 +548,19 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn no_blobs_into_responses() {
+        let spec = Arc::new(test_spec::<E>());
+
         let mut u = types::test_utils::test_unstructured();
         let blocks = (0..4)
             .map(|_| {
-                generate_rand_block_and_blobs::<E>(ForkName::Base, NumBlobs::None, &mut u)
-                    .unwrap()
-                    .0
-                    .into()
+                generate_rand_block_and_blobs::<E>(
+                    spec.fork_name_at_epoch(Epoch::new(0)),
+                    NumBlobs::None,
+                    &mut u,
+                )
+                .unwrap()
+                .0
+                .into()
             })
             .collect::<Vec<Arc<SignedBeaconBlock<E>>>>();
 
@@ -565,7 +571,6 @@ mod tests {
         // Send blocks and complete terminate response
         info.add_blocks(blocks_req_id, blocks).unwrap();
 
-        let spec = Arc::new(test_spec::<E>());
         let da_checker = Arc::new(test_da_checker(spec.clone(), NodeCustodyType::Fullnode));
 
         // Assert response is finished and RpcBlocks can be constructed