Use head state for exit verification (#4183)

## Issue Addressed

NA

## Proposed Changes

Similar to #4181 but without the version bump and a more nuanced fix.

Patches the high CPU usage seen after the Capella fork which was caused by processing exits when there are skip slots.

## Additional Info

~~This is an imperfect solution that will cause us to drop some exits at the fork boundary. This is tracked at #4184.~~

consensus/state_processing/src/per_block_processing/process_operations.rs

@@ -282,7 +282,8 @@ pub fn process_exits<T: EthSpec>(
     // Verify and apply each exit in series. We iterate in series because higher-index exits may
     // become invalid due to the application of lower-index ones.
     for (i, exit) in voluntary_exits.iter().enumerate() {
-        verify_exit(state, exit, verify_signatures, spec).map_err(|e| e.into_with_index(i))?;
+        verify_exit(state, None, exit, verify_signatures, spec)
+            .map_err(|e| e.into_with_index(i))?;
 
         initiate_validator_exit(state, exit.message.validator_index as usize, spec)?;
     }

consensus/state_processing/src/per_block_processing/tests.rs

@@ -978,8 +978,14 @@ async fn fork_spanning_exit() {
     let head = harness.chain.canonical_head.cached_head();
     let head_state = &head.snapshot.beacon_state;
     assert!(head_state.current_epoch() < spec.altair_fork_epoch.unwrap());
-    verify_exit(head_state, &signed_exit, VerifySignatures::True, &spec)
-        .expect("phase0 exit verifies against phase0 state");
+    verify_exit(
+        head_state,
+        None,
+        &signed_exit,
+        VerifySignatures::True,
+        &spec,
+    )
+    .expect("phase0 exit verifies against phase0 state");
 
     /*
      * Ensure the exit verifies after Altair.
@@ -992,8 +998,14 @@ async fn fork_spanning_exit() {
     let head_state = &head.snapshot.beacon_state;
     assert!(head_state.current_epoch() >= spec.altair_fork_epoch.unwrap());
     assert!(head_state.current_epoch() < spec.bellatrix_fork_epoch.unwrap());
-    verify_exit(head_state, &signed_exit, VerifySignatures::True, &spec)
-        .expect("phase0 exit verifies against altair state");
+    verify_exit(
+        head_state,
+        None,
+        &signed_exit,
+        VerifySignatures::True,
+        &spec,
+    )
+    .expect("phase0 exit verifies against altair state");
 
     /*
      * Ensure the exit no longer verifies after Bellatrix.
@@ -1009,6 +1021,12 @@ async fn fork_spanning_exit() {
     let head = harness.chain.canonical_head.cached_head();
     let head_state = &head.snapshot.beacon_state;
     assert!(head_state.current_epoch() >= spec.bellatrix_fork_epoch.unwrap());
-    verify_exit(head_state, &signed_exit, VerifySignatures::True, &spec)
-        .expect_err("phase0 exit does not verify against bellatrix state");
+    verify_exit(
+        head_state,
+        None,
+        &signed_exit,
+        VerifySignatures::True,
+        &spec,
+    )
+    .expect_err("phase0 exit does not verify against bellatrix state");
 }

consensus/state_processing/src/per_block_processing/verify_exit.rs

@@ -20,10 +20,12 @@ fn error(reason: ExitInvalid) -> BlockOperationError<ExitInvalid> {
 /// Spec v0.12.1
 pub fn verify_exit<T: EthSpec>(
     state: &BeaconState<T>,
+    current_epoch: Option<Epoch>,
     signed_exit: &SignedVoluntaryExit,
     verify_signatures: VerifySignatures,
     spec: &ChainSpec,
 ) -> Result<()> {
+    let current_epoch = current_epoch.unwrap_or(state.current_epoch());
     let exit = &signed_exit.message;
 
     let validator = state
@@ -33,7 +35,7 @@ pub fn verify_exit<T: EthSpec>(
 
     // Verify the validator is active.
     verify!(
-        validator.is_active_at(state.current_epoch()),
+        validator.is_active_at(current_epoch),
         ExitInvalid::NotActive(exit.validator_index)
     );
 
@@ -45,9 +47,9 @@ pub fn verify_exit<T: EthSpec>(
 
     // Exits must specify an epoch when they become valid; they are not valid before then.
     verify!(
-        state.current_epoch() >= exit.epoch,
+        current_epoch >= exit.epoch,
         ExitInvalid::FutureEpoch {
-            state: state.current_epoch(),
+            state: current_epoch,
             exit: exit.epoch
         }
     );
@@ -57,9 +59,9 @@ pub fn verify_exit<T: EthSpec>(
         .activation_epoch
         .safe_add(spec.shard_committee_period)?;
     verify!(
-        state.current_epoch() >= earliest_exit_epoch,
+        current_epoch >= earliest_exit_epoch,
         ExitInvalid::TooYoungToExit {
-            current_epoch: state.current_epoch(),
+            current_epoch,
             earliest_exit_epoch,
         }
     );