Remove state dependency from core module in consensus/types (#8653)

#8652


  - This removes instances of `BeaconStateError` from `eth_spec.rs`, and replaces them directly with `ArithError` which can be trivially converted back to `BeaconStateError` at the call site.
- Also moves the state related methods on `ChainSpec` to be methods on `BeaconState` instead. I think this might be a more natural place for them to exist anyway.


Co-Authored-By: Mac L <mjladson@pm.me>

beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/beacon_block_reward.rs

@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ impl<T: BeaconChainTypes> BeaconChain<T> {
                 state
                     .get_validator(proposer_slashing.proposer_index() as usize)?
                     .effective_balance
-                    .safe_div(self.spec.whistleblower_reward_quotient_for_state(state))?,
+                    .safe_div(state.get_whistleblower_reward_quotient(&self.spec))?,
             )?;
         }
 
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ impl<T: BeaconChainTypes> BeaconChain<T> {
                     state
                         .get_validator(attester_index as usize)?
                         .effective_balance
-                        .safe_div(self.spec.whistleblower_reward_quotient_for_state(state))?,
+                        .safe_div(state.get_whistleblower_reward_quotient(&self.spec))?,
                 )?;
             }
         }