Gloas envelope consensus and more operations tests (#8781)

- Implement new `process_execution_payload` (as `process_execution_payload_envelope`).
- Implement new processing for deposit requests, including logic for adding new builders to the registry with index reuse.
- Enable a bunch more operations EF tests (most of them except bid processing/payload attestations/etc which we don't have code for yet).


Co-Authored-By: Michael Sproul <michael@sigmaprime.io>

testing/ef_tests/check_all_files_accessed.py

@@ -48,19 +48,9 @@ excluded_paths = [
     "tests/.*/eip7732",
     "tests/.*/eip7805",
     # TODO(gloas): remove these ignores as more Gloas operations are implemented
-    "tests/.*/gloas/operations/attester_slashing/.*",
     "tests/.*/gloas/operations/block_header/.*",
-    "tests/.*/gloas/operations/bls_to_execution_change/.*",
-    "tests/.*/gloas/operations/consolidation_request/.*",
-    "tests/.*/gloas/operations/deposit/.*",
-    "tests/.*/gloas/operations/deposit_request/.*",
-    "tests/.*/gloas/operations/execution_payload/.*",
     "tests/.*/gloas/operations/execution_payload_bid/.*",
     "tests/.*/gloas/operations/payload_attestation/.*",
-    "tests/.*/gloas/operations/proposer_slashing/.*",
-    "tests/.*/gloas/operations/sync_aggregate/.*",
-    "tests/.*/gloas/operations/voluntary_exit/.*",
-    "tests/.*/gloas/operations/withdrawal_request/.*",
     # TODO(EIP-7732): remove these ignores as Gloas consensus is implemented
     "tests/.*/gloas/epoch_processing/.*",
     "tests/.*/gloas/finality/.*",