diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/payload_attestation_verification/mod.rs b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/payload_attestation_verification/mod.rs
index 38cd36d75e..477527c0aa 100644
--- a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/payload_attestation_verification/mod.rs
+++ b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/payload_attestation_verification/mod.rs
@@ -105,3 +105,6 @@ impl From<BeaconStateError> for Error {
         Error::BeaconStateError(e)
     }
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests;
diff --git a/beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/payload_attestation_verification/tests.rs b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/payload_attestation_verification/tests.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eb3359b291
--- /dev/null
+++ b/beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/payload_attestation_verification/tests.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,352 @@
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+use bls::{Keypair, Signature};
+use fork_choice::ForkChoice;
+use genesis::{generate_deterministic_keypairs, interop_genesis_state};
+use parking_lot::RwLock;
+use proto_array::PayloadStatus;
+use slot_clock::{SlotClock, TestingSlotClock};
+use store::{HotColdDB, StoreConfig};
+use types::{
+    BeaconBlock, ChainSpec, Checkpoint, Domain, Epoch, EthSpec, Hash256, MinimalEthSpec,
+    PayloadAttestationData, PayloadAttestationMessage, SignedBeaconBlock, SignedRoot, Slot,
+};
+
+use crate::{
+    beacon_fork_choice_store::BeaconForkChoiceStore,
+    beacon_snapshot::BeaconSnapshot,
+    canonical_head::CanonicalHead,
+    observed_attesters::ObservedPayloadAttesters,
+    payload_attestation_verification::{
+        Error as PayloadAttestationError,
+        gossip_verified_payload_attestation::{
+            GossipVerificationContext, VerifiedPayloadAttestationMessage,
+        },
+    },
+    test_utils::{EphemeralHarnessType, fork_name_from_env, test_spec},
+    validator_pubkey_cache::ValidatorPubkeyCache,
+};
+
+type E = MinimalEthSpec;
+type T = EphemeralHarnessType<E>;
+
+const NUM_VALIDATORS: usize = 64;
+
+struct TestContext {
+    canonical_head: CanonicalHead<T>,
+    observed_payload_attesters: RwLock<ObservedPayloadAttesters<E>>,
+    validator_pubkey_cache: RwLock<ValidatorPubkeyCache<T>>,
+    slot_clock: TestingSlotClock,
+    keypairs: Vec<Keypair>,
+    spec: ChainSpec,
+    genesis_block_root: Hash256,
+}
+
+impl TestContext {
+    fn new() -> Self {
+        let spec = test_spec::<E>();
+        let store = Arc::new(
+            HotColdDB::open_ephemeral(StoreConfig::default(), Arc::new(spec.clone()))
+                .expect("should open ephemeral store"),
+        );
+
+        let keypairs = generate_deterministic_keypairs(NUM_VALIDATORS);
+
+        let mut state =
+            interop_genesis_state::<E>(&keypairs, 0, Hash256::repeat_byte(0x42), None, &spec)
+                .expect("should build genesis state");
+
+        *state.finalized_checkpoint_mut() = Checkpoint {
+            epoch: Epoch::new(1),
+            root: Hash256::ZERO,
+        };
+
+        let mut genesis_block = BeaconBlock::empty(&spec);
+        *genesis_block.state_root_mut() = state
+            .update_tree_hash_cache()
+            .expect("should hash genesis state");
+        let signed_block = SignedBeaconBlock::from_block(genesis_block, Signature::empty());
+        let block_root = signed_block.canonical_root();
+
+        let snapshot = BeaconSnapshot::new(
+            Arc::new(signed_block.clone()),
+            None,
+            block_root,
+            state.clone(),
+        );
+
+        let fc_store = BeaconForkChoiceStore::get_forkchoice_store(store.clone(), snapshot.clone())
+            .expect("should create fork choice store");
+        let fork_choice =
+            ForkChoice::from_anchor(fc_store, block_root, &signed_block, &state, None, &spec)
+                .expect("should create fork choice");
+
+        let canonical_head =
+            CanonicalHead::new(fork_choice, Arc::new(snapshot), PayloadStatus::Pending);
+
+        let slot_clock = TestingSlotClock::new(
+            Slot::new(0),
+            Duration::from_secs(0),
+            spec.get_slot_duration(),
+        );
+        // Advance past genesis so `now_with_past_tolerance` doesn't underflow.
+        slot_clock.set_current_time(spec.get_slot_duration());
+
+        let validator_pubkey_cache =
+            ValidatorPubkeyCache::new(&state, store.clone()).expect("should create pubkey cache");
+
+        Self {
+            canonical_head,
+            observed_payload_attesters: RwLock::new(ObservedPayloadAttesters::default()),
+            validator_pubkey_cache: RwLock::new(validator_pubkey_cache),
+            slot_clock,
+            keypairs,
+            spec,
+            genesis_block_root: block_root,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn gossip_ctx(&self) -> GossipVerificationContext<'_, T> {
+        GossipVerificationContext {
+            slot_clock: &self.slot_clock,
+            spec: &self.spec,
+            observed_payload_attesters: &self.observed_payload_attesters,
+            canonical_head: &self.canonical_head,
+            validator_pubkey_cache: &self.validator_pubkey_cache,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn ptc_members(&self, slot: Slot) -> Vec<usize> {
+        let head = self.canonical_head.cached_head();
+        let state = &head.snapshot.beacon_state;
+        let ptc = state.get_ptc(slot, &self.spec).expect("should get PTC");
+        ptc.0.to_vec()
+    }
+
+    fn sign_payload_attestation(
+        &self,
+        data: PayloadAttestationData,
+        validator_index: u64,
+    ) -> PayloadAttestationMessage {
+        let head = self.canonical_head.cached_head();
+        let state = &head.snapshot.beacon_state;
+        let domain = self.spec.get_domain(
+            data.slot.epoch(E::slots_per_epoch()),
+            Domain::PTCAttester,
+            &state.fork(),
+            state.genesis_validators_root(),
+        );
+        let message = data.signing_root(domain);
+        let signature = self.keypairs[validator_index as usize].sk.sign(message);
+        PayloadAttestationMessage {
+            validator_index,
+            data,
+            signature,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn make_payload_attestation(
+    slot: Slot,
+    validator_index: u64,
+    beacon_block_root: Hash256,
+) -> PayloadAttestationMessage {
+    PayloadAttestationMessage {
+        validator_index,
+        data: PayloadAttestationData {
+            beacon_block_root,
+            slot,
+            payload_present: true,
+            blob_data_available: true,
+        },
+        signature: Signature::empty(),
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn future_slot() {
+    if !fork_name_from_env().is_some_and(|f| f.gloas_enabled()) {
+        return;
+    }
+    let ctx = TestContext::new();
+    let gossip = ctx.gossip_ctx();
+
+    let future_slot = Slot::new(5);
+    let msg = make_payload_attestation(future_slot, 0, ctx.genesis_block_root);
+    let result = VerifiedPayloadAttestationMessage::new(msg, &gossip);
+    assert!(matches!(
+        result,
+        Err(PayloadAttestationError::FutureSlot { .. })
+    ));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn past_slot() {
+    if !fork_name_from_env().is_some_and(|f| f.gloas_enabled()) {
+        return;
+    }
+    let ctx = TestContext::new();
+    ctx.slot_clock.set_slot(5);
+    let gossip = ctx.gossip_ctx();
+
+    let msg = make_payload_attestation(Slot::new(0), 0, ctx.genesis_block_root);
+    let result = VerifiedPayloadAttestationMessage::new(msg, &gossip);
+    assert!(matches!(
+        result,
+        Err(PayloadAttestationError::PastSlot { .. })
+    ));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn prior_payload_attestation_message_known() {
+    if !fork_name_from_env().is_some_and(|f| f.gloas_enabled()) {
+        return;
+    }
+    let ctx = TestContext::new();
+    let gossip = ctx.gossip_ctx();
+    let slot = Slot::new(1);
+    let ptc_members = ctx.ptc_members(slot);
+    let validator_index = ptc_members[0] as u64;
+
+    ctx.observed_payload_attesters
+        .write()
+        .observe_validator(slot, validator_index as usize, ())
+        .expect("should observe");
+
+    let msg = make_payload_attestation(slot, validator_index, ctx.genesis_block_root);
+    let result = VerifiedPayloadAttestationMessage::new(msg, &gossip);
+    assert!(
+        matches!(
+            result,
+            Err(PayloadAttestationError::PriorPayloadAttestationMessageKnown { .. })
+        ),
+        "expected PriorPayloadAttestationMessageKnown, got: {:?}",
+        result
+    );
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn unknown_head_block() {
+    if !fork_name_from_env().is_some_and(|f| f.gloas_enabled()) {
+        return;
+    }
+    let ctx = TestContext::new();
+    let gossip = ctx.gossip_ctx();
+
+    let unknown_root = Hash256::repeat_byte(0xff);
+    let msg = make_payload_attestation(Slot::new(1), 0, unknown_root);
+    let result = VerifiedPayloadAttestationMessage::new(msg, &gossip);
+    assert!(
+        matches!(
+            result,
+            Err(PayloadAttestationError::UnknownHeadBlock { .. })
+        ),
+        "expected UnknownHeadBlock, got: {:?}",
+        result
+    );
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn not_in_ptc() {
+    if !fork_name_from_env().is_some_and(|f| f.gloas_enabled()) {
+        return;
+    }
+    let ctx = TestContext::new();
+    let gossip = ctx.gossip_ctx();
+    let slot = Slot::new(1);
+
+    let ptc_members = ctx.ptc_members(slot);
+    let non_ptc_validator = (0..NUM_VALIDATORS as u64)
+        .find(|&i| !ptc_members.contains(&(i as usize)))
+        .expect("should find non-PTC validator");
+
+    let msg = make_payload_attestation(slot, non_ptc_validator, ctx.genesis_block_root);
+    let result = VerifiedPayloadAttestationMessage::new(msg, &gossip);
+    assert!(matches!(
+        result,
+        Err(PayloadAttestationError::NotInPTC { .. })
+    ));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn invalid_signature() {
+    if !fork_name_from_env().is_some_and(|f| f.gloas_enabled()) {
+        return;
+    }
+    let ctx = TestContext::new();
+    let gossip = ctx.gossip_ctx();
+    let slot = Slot::new(1);
+
+    let ptc_members = ctx.ptc_members(slot);
+    let validator_index = ptc_members[0] as u64;
+
+    let msg = make_payload_attestation(slot, validator_index, ctx.genesis_block_root);
+    let result = VerifiedPayloadAttestationMessage::new(msg, &gossip);
+    assert!(matches!(
+        result,
+        Err(PayloadAttestationError::InvalidSignature)
+    ));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn valid_payload_attestation() {
+    if !fork_name_from_env().is_some_and(|f| f.gloas_enabled()) {
+        return;
+    }
+    let ctx = TestContext::new();
+    let gossip = ctx.gossip_ctx();
+    let slot = Slot::new(1);
+
+    let ptc_members = ctx.ptc_members(slot);
+    let validator_index = ptc_members[0] as u64;
+
+    let data = PayloadAttestationData {
+        beacon_block_root: ctx.genesis_block_root,
+        slot,
+        payload_present: true,
+        blob_data_available: true,
+    };
+    let msg = ctx.sign_payload_attestation(data, validator_index);
+    let result = VerifiedPayloadAttestationMessage::new(msg, &gossip);
+    assert!(
+        result.is_ok(),
+        "expected Ok, got: {:?}",
+        result.unwrap_err()
+    );
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn duplicate_after_valid() {
+    if !fork_name_from_env().is_some_and(|f| f.gloas_enabled()) {
+        return;
+    }
+    let ctx = TestContext::new();
+    let gossip = ctx.gossip_ctx();
+    let slot = Slot::new(1);
+
+    let ptc_members = ctx.ptc_members(slot);
+    let validator_index = ptc_members[0] as u64;
+
+    let data = PayloadAttestationData {
+        beacon_block_root: ctx.genesis_block_root,
+        slot,
+        payload_present: true,
+        blob_data_available: true,
+    };
+
+    let msg1 = ctx.sign_payload_attestation(data.clone(), validator_index);
+    let result1 = VerifiedPayloadAttestationMessage::new(msg1, &gossip);
+    assert!(
+        result1.is_ok(),
+        "first message should pass: {:?}",
+        result1.unwrap_err()
+    );
+
+    let msg2 = ctx.sign_payload_attestation(data, validator_index);
+    let result2 = VerifiedPayloadAttestationMessage::new(msg2, &gossip);
+    assert!(matches!(
+        result2,
+        Err(PayloadAttestationError::PriorPayloadAttestationMessageKnown { .. })
+    ));
+}
diff --git a/beacon_node/network/src/network_beacon_processor/gossip_methods.rs b/beacon_node/network/src/network_beacon_processor/gossip_methods.rs
index e52454d999..0a31efdbad 100644
--- a/beacon_node/network/src/network_beacon_processor/gossip_methods.rs
+++ b/beacon_node/network/src/network_beacon_processor/gossip_methods.rs
@@ -3747,10 +3747,8 @@ impl<T: BeaconChainTypes> NetworkBeaconProcessor<T> {
                 );
                 self.propagate_validation_result(message_id, peer_id, MessageAcceptance::Ignore);
             }
-            PayloadAttestationError::PastSlot { .. } => {
-                self.propagate_validation_result(message_id, peer_id, MessageAcceptance::Ignore);
-            }
-            PayloadAttestationError::PriorPayloadAttestationMessageKnown { .. } => {
+            PayloadAttestationError::PastSlot { .. }
+            | PayloadAttestationError::PriorPayloadAttestationMessageKnown { .. } => {
                 self.propagate_validation_result(message_id, peer_id, MessageAcceptance::Ignore);
             }
             PayloadAttestationError::UnknownHeadBlock { .. } => {