Hierarchical state diffs (#5978)

* Start extracting freezer changes for tree-states

* Remove unused config args

* Add comments

* Remove unwraps

* Subjective more clear implementation

* Clean up hdiff

* Update xdelta3

* Tree states archive metrics (#6040)

* Add store cache size metrics

* Add compress timer metrics

* Add diff apply compute timer metrics

* Add diff buffer cache hit metrics

* Add hdiff buffer load times

* Add blocks replayed metric

* Move metrics to store

* Future proof some metrics

---------

Co-authored-by: Michael Sproul <michael@sigmaprime.io>

* Port and clean up forwards iterator changes

* Add and polish hierarchy-config flag

* Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/unstable' into tree-states-archive

* Cleaner errors

* Fix beacon_chain test compilation

* Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/unstable' into tree-states-archive

* Patch a few more freezer block roots

* Fix genesis block root bug

* Fix test failing due to pending updates

* Beacon chain tests passing

* Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/unstable' into tree-states-archive

* Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/unstable' into tree-states-archive

* Fix doc lint

* Implement DB schema upgrade for hierarchical state diffs (#6193)

* DB upgrade

* Add flag

* Delete RestorePointHash

* Update docs

* Update docs

* Implement hierarchical state diffs config migration (#6245)

* Implement hierarchical state diffs config migration

* Review PR

* Remove TODO

* Set CURRENT_SCHEMA_VERSION correctly

* Fix genesis state loading

* Re-delete some PartialBeaconState stuff

---------

Co-authored-by: Michael Sproul <michael@sigmaprime.io>

* Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/unstable' into tree-states-archive

* Fix test compilation

* Update schema downgrade test

* Fix tests

* Fix null anchor migration

* Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/unstable' into tree-states-archive

* Fix tree states upgrade migration (#6328)

* Towards crash safety

* Fix compilation

* Move cold summaries and state roots to new columns

* Rename StateRoots chunked field

* Update prune states

* Clean hdiff CLI flag and metrics

* Fix "staged reconstruction"

* Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/unstable' into tree-states-archive

* Fix alloy issues

* Fix staged reconstruction logic

* Prevent weird slot drift

* Remove "allow" flag

* Update CLI help

* Remove FIXME about downgrade

* Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/unstable' into tree-states-archive

* Remove some unnecessary error variants

* Fix new test

* Tree states archive - review comments and metrics (#6386)

* Review PR comments and metrics

* Comments

* Add anchor metrics

* drop prev comment

* Update metadata.rs

* Apply suggestions from code review

---------

Co-authored-by: Michael Sproul <micsproul@gmail.com>

* Update beacon_node/store/src/hot_cold_store.rs

Co-authored-by: Lion - dapplion <35266934+dapplion@users.noreply.github.com>

* Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/unstable' into tree-states-archive

* Clarify comment and remove anchor_slot garbage

* Simplify database anchor (#6397)

* Simplify database anchor

* Update beacon_node/store/src/reconstruct.rs

* Add migration for anchor

* Fix and simplify light_client store tests

* Fix incompatible config test

* Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/unstable' into tree-states-archive

* Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/unstable' into tree-states-archive

* More metrics

* Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/unstable' into tree-states-archive

* New historic state cache (#6475)

* New historic state cache

* Add more metrics

* State cache hit rate metrics

* Fix store metrics

* More logs and metrics

* Fix logger

* Ensure cached states have built caches :O

* Replay blocks in preference to diffing

* Two separate caches

* Distribute cache build time to next slot

* Re-plumb historic-state-cache flag

* Clean up metrics

* Update book

* Update beacon_node/store/src/hdiff.rs

Co-authored-by: Lion - dapplion <35266934+dapplion@users.noreply.github.com>

* Update beacon_node/store/src/historic_state_cache.rs

Co-authored-by: Lion - dapplion <35266934+dapplion@users.noreply.github.com>

---------

Co-authored-by: Lion - dapplion <35266934+dapplion@users.noreply.github.com>

* Update database docs

* Update diagram

* Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/unstable' into tree-states-archive

* Update lockbud to work with bindgen/etc

* Correct pkg name for Debian

* Remove vestigial epochs_per_state_diff

* Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/unstable' into tree-states-archive

* Markdown lint

* Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/unstable' into tree-states-archive

* Address Jimmy's review comments

* Simplify ReplayFrom case

* Fix and document genesis_state_root

* Typo

Co-authored-by: Jimmy Chen <jchen.tc@gmail.com>

* Merge branch 'unstable' into tree-states-archive

* Compute diff of validators list manually (#6556)

* Split hdiff computation

* Dedicated logic for historical roots and summaries

* Benchmark against real states

* Mutated source?

* Version the hdiff

* Add lighthouse DB config for hierarchy exponents

* Tidy up hierarchy exponents flag

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-authored-by: Michael Sproul <micsproul@gmail.com>

* Address PR review

* Remove hardcoded paths in benchmarks

* Delete unused function in benches

* lint

---------

Co-authored-by: Michael Sproul <michael@sigmaprime.io>

* Test hdiff binary format stability (#6585)

* Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/unstable' into tree-states-archive

* Add deprecation warning for SPRP

* Update xdelta to get rid of duplicate deps

* Document test

beacon_node/store/src/chunked_vector.rs

@@ -322,11 +322,11 @@ macro_rules! field {
 }
 
 field!(
-    BlockRoots,
+    BlockRootsChunked,
     FixedLengthField,
     Hash256,
     E::SlotsPerHistoricalRoot,
-    DBColumn::BeaconBlockRoots,
+    DBColumn::BeaconBlockRootsChunked,
     |_| OncePerNSlots {
         n: 1,
         activation_slot: Some(Slot::new(0)),
@@ -336,11 +336,11 @@ field!(
 );
 
 field!(
-    StateRoots,
+    StateRootsChunked,
     FixedLengthField,
     Hash256,
     E::SlotsPerHistoricalRoot,
-    DBColumn::BeaconStateRoots,
+    DBColumn::BeaconStateRootsChunked,
     |_| OncePerNSlots {
         n: 1,
         activation_slot: Some(Slot::new(0)),
@@ -859,8 +859,8 @@ mod test {
         fn test_fixed_length<F: Field<TestSpec>>(_: F, expected: bool) {
             assert_eq!(F::is_fixed_length(), expected);
         }
-        test_fixed_length(BlockRoots, true);
-        test_fixed_length(StateRoots, true);
+        test_fixed_length(BlockRootsChunked, true);
+        test_fixed_length(StateRootsChunked, true);
         test_fixed_length(HistoricalRoots, false);
         test_fixed_length(RandaoMixes, true);
     }
@@ -880,12 +880,12 @@ mod test {
 
     #[test]
     fn needs_genesis_value_block_roots() {
-        needs_genesis_value_once_per_slot(BlockRoots);
+        needs_genesis_value_once_per_slot(BlockRootsChunked);
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn needs_genesis_value_state_roots() {
-        needs_genesis_value_once_per_slot(StateRoots);
+        needs_genesis_value_once_per_slot(StateRootsChunked);
     }
 
     #[test]